Vico et al. 2017 reports that after ISS missions, tibial cortical bone structure recovered within a year of landing while cortical porosity and trabecular bone did not

space-medicineaerospace-physiologybone-densitytrabecular-corticalrecoveryhr-pqct

Vico et al.'s 2017 Journal of Bone and Mineral Research paper — Böcker et al. 2026's reference 12 — followed 13 cosmonauts for 12 months after 4- to 6-month ISS missions using high-resolution pQCT. Its published abstract reports that at the tibia "a 4% decrease in cortical thickness and a 15% increase in cortical porosity were observed at landing," but "[c]ortical size and density subsequently recovered," whereas "tibial cortical porosity or trabecular bone failed to recover, resulting in compromised strength." Cortical bone mass and density are thus the compartment that bounces back, while trabecular bone — and, separately, cortical porosity as distinct from cortical mass — is what stays damaged a year out.

This is the second spaceflight-side source (with claim-sibonga-2019-ared-protects-cortical-not-trabecular-in-spaceflight) under the spaceflight-trabecular half of the compartment dissociation (claim-bocker-refs-support-bedrest-cortical-spaceflight-trabecular-dissociation). The sense of "more affected" here is persistence — which compartment fails to recover — rather than the initial mass loss measured on the bed-rest side (claim-rittweger-2010-bed-rest-tibial-loss-almost-entirely-cortical) or the countermeasure resistance Sibonga measured. First author Laurence Vico is also a co-author of the 2026 Böcker comparison paper itself, making her the bridge between this earlier primary spaceflight literature and the new head-to-head study. Full text was paywalled at capture, so this rests on the authors' verbatim published abstract.