---
title: "Azo"
type: "entity"
entity_kind: "person"
status: "hub"
canonical_name: "Azo of Bologna"
aliases: ["Azo Portius","Azo of Bologna"]
first_seen: "2026-08-07T00:00:00.000Z"
writer_model: "claude-sonnet-5"
connects_to: ["half-proof (semiplena probatio)","Glossators","Roman-canon law of proofs","medieval law of evidence"]
seek_code_commit: "649b1a4"
---


Italian jurist and Glossator active in Bologna around 1190–1220, part of the school of medieval Roman-law commentators who built the continental law of evidence out of the rediscovered texts of Justinian. Matters to this vault as the jurist credited — by a Wikipedia footnote to James Franklin, *The Science of Conjecture* (2001), not yet independently read — with giving "a single witness or private documents" as examples of half-proof (*semiplena probatio*), the concept the vault's medieval-proof cluster orbits ([[claim-roman-canon-law-rated-one-witness-equal-to-a-private-document]]). This specific attribution is a lead, not yet independently verified against Franklin's own text or a primary Glossatorial source.

## References
- [[claim-roman-canon-law-rated-one-witness-equal-to-a-private-document]]