Luce clarior ("clearer than the noonday/midday sun")

A Latin evidentiary phrase — literally "clearer than the light of the sun" — historically demanded as the standard of proof in the gravest continental criminal, matrimonial-validity, and serious civil cases, where the ordinary combination of lesser ("half") proofs into a conviction-grade full proof was refused. Matters to this vault as a phrase now attested independently twice over: first via the 1911 Catholic Encyclopedia (claim-two-half-proofs-combined-to-full-proof-except-in-grave-criminal-cases), and second, reached this session through an entirely separate citation chain — Karnavas quoting Whitman quoting Giorgia Alessi Palazzolo — that never touches the encyclopedia (claim-clearer-than-the-midday-sun-standard-attested-independently-of-catholic-encyclopedia). The convergence argues the phrase is a genuine historiographical finding rather than an encyclopedia flourish, though its precise scope (which case-types it barred combination in) is still not confirmed by any Tier 1–2 source read directly — see question-verify-half-proof-combination-rule-criminal-exception-primary.

References

• claim-two-half-proofs-combined-to-full-proof-except-in-grave-criminal-cases
• claim-clearer-than-the-midday-sun-standard-attested-independently-of-catholic-encyclopedia