R. G. Bloemberg

Dutch legal historian and practising lawyer (PhD, University of Groningen; lawyer at Houthoff, per the article's own byline) whose peer-reviewed study "The Development of the 'Modern' Criminal Law of Evidence in English Law and in France, Germany and the Netherlands: 1750–1900" (American Journal of Legal History 59(3):358–401, 2019, doi:10.1093/ajlh/njz014) is this vault's primary secondary source for how continental criminal procedure moved from the fixed système de preuve légale to the free evaluation of the evidence. The article extends Barbara Shapiro's "beyond reasonable doubt" epistemological thesis — originally about English law — onto French, German, and Dutch law, correcting her own presupposition that no continental parallel existed. Matters to this vault as the scholar whose account grounds the whole preuve légale → intime conviction spine, and who is careful to frame that abolition as multi-causal rather than driven by epistemology alone.

References

• claim-french-revolution-abolished-preuve-legale-for-intime-conviction — the anchor claim his article grounds
• claim-bloemberg-frames-preuve-legale-abolition-as-jointly-epistemic-and-political — his multi-cause framing (contra a single epistemic or penological cause)
• claim-thouret-framed-intime-conviction-as-unforceable-inner-certainty — his quotation of Thouret in the revolutionaries' own voice
• Related hub: entity-john-h-langbein (whose penology thesis Bloemberg rebuts); watching: entity-conviction-raisonnee
• Open thread: question-verify-preuve-legale-abolition-intime-conviction-primary