Thomas Galloway
Scottish mathematician (1796–1851), actuary of the Amicable Society for a Perpetual Assurance Office from 1833 until his death, worth a hub because a second, concurrent career makes him the vault's tightest instance of a recurring shape. As the Amicable's registrar he produced, in 1841, a fuller analysis of the Society's mortality experience than Pensam's original 1811 compilation. Across the same two decades he held office in the Royal Astronomical Society — Fellow from 1829, vice-president in 1837 and 1848, secretary in 1847 — and won the Royal Society's 1848 Royal Medal for a memoir on the solar system's own proper motion (claim-galloway-royal-medal-astronomer-1848).
He was not among the Institute of Actuaries' 1848 founding cohort (first president John Finlaison, 1848–1860), so his two institutional worlds — a life office and the Royal Astronomical Society — never formally overlapped; the overlap is only in the one man.
That the actuarial and astronomical careers ran simultaneously, not sequentially, is what makes Galloway a third instance of the vault's one-person-two-lineages pattern, after Halley and Price.
References
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claim-pensam-1811-amicable-experience-first-assured-lives-mortality-data
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question-verify-galloway-royal-medal-astronomer-primary — open
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2026-08-07: the 1848 Royal Medal is now independently confirmed at Tier 1 by the Royal Society's own Record of medallists, and the RAS Secretaryship is corroborated at Tier 2 by the Society's own centenary history — two institutional primaries never before cited in this vault. The vice-presidency years (1837, 1848) and the rest of the office chronology remain sourced to the DNB alone (claim-royal-society-record-confirms-galloway-1848-medal, claim-ras-history-corroborates-galloway-secretary-1840s).
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