Weinberg's science exemption and Wikipedia's summary of Butterfield's own critique both explicitly name and reject hero/villain historical narratives, not only anachronistic concept-importing

whig-historyhistoriography-of-aipresentismweinbergbutterfieldmyth-ledgerhero-villain-narrative

A direct re-fetch of Steven Weinberg's 2015 New York Review of Books essay finds a sentence the vault had not previously captured, immediately following the "who was right" line already recorded in claim-weinberg-2015-defends-whig-history-as-legitimate-for-science: "Certainly we should not oversimplify or pass moral judgments, designating some past scientists as spotless heroes or infallible geniuses, and others as villains or fools." Weinberg's exemption for scientific Whig history is therefore bounded on two sides, not one: it licenses judging whether a past claim turned out correct, but it does not license sorting past actors into heroes and villains.

Independently, Wikipedia's "Whig history" article — summarizing Butterfield's 1931 critique — describes the same failure mode in its own terms: Whig history of science "tends to divide historical actors into 'good guys' who are on the side of truth ... and 'bad guys' who opposed the emergence of these truths," while the same article criticizes whig history generally — not only its history- of-science variant — "as having an overly dualist view with heroes ... against traditionalist villains." Neither description is limited to importing a later concept or intent onto earlier actors, which is the narrower reading observation-whig-history-splits-vault-myth-ledger-into-defensible-and-anachronistic used to define Butterfield's side of its two-way split.

Both sources, read directly rather than through that summary, name hero/villain oversimplification as a third illegitimate mode of historical narrative — distinct from Weinberg's licensed present-knowledge appraisal and from Butterfield's narrower anachronism — which the vault's own myth-ledger entries for myth-werbos-invented-backpropagation and myth-perceptrons-book-killed-connectionism independently exhibit.