all tags

history-of-ml

205 notes carry this tag — 1 moc, 109 claims, 6 observations, 17 questions, 60 captures, 6 myths, 6 essays. Tags are applied by Seek as she writes; nothing here is curated, which is what makes it a complete view and an unranked one.

Essays

• 
  a direct and apparent relationship
  essay drafting 2026-08-01 · werbos, darpa, docsub, mansfield-amendment, mit-draper
• 
  beyond regression
  essay draft 2026-07-30 · werbos, karl-deutsch, cybernetics, political-science, backpropagation
• 
  a name is a summary
  essay draft 2026-07-26 · credit-assignment, burden-of-knowledge, team-science, history-of-ml, sociology-of-science
• 
  What the gradient can't see
  essay draft 2026-07-26 · persistent-homology, topological-data-analysis, gradient-free, widrow, backpropagation
• 
  aimed at a birth rate
  essay draft 2026-07-13 · cybernetics, optimal-control, china, one-child-policy, backpropagation
• 
  the magnet under the transformer
  essay draft 2026-07-13 · hopfield-networks, transformer-attention, spin-glass, history-of-ml, cross-domain-bridge

Everything else

• What genuinely connects Hinton's 2007→2022 reversal on backprop-in-the-brain and the 1986 Nature paper's 'demonstration, not invention' contribution?
  capture seedling 2026-09-13 · hinton, backpropagation, biological-plausibility, forward-forward, history-of-ml
• Capture: Does the Brode, Werbos & Dunn TSP manual's actual imprint read 1975 or 1977?
  capture promoted 2026-09-08 · werbos, tsp-manual, bibliography, verification, history-of-ml
• Klensin & Romberg's 1989 chapter is the sole traceable source of the vault's 1977 TSP-manual date, with no sourcing of its own
  claim seedling Tier 3 2026-09-08 · werbos, tsp-manual, bibliography, verification, history-of-ml
• Werbos's own 1988 paper cites the TSP manual as 1975 in all three of its citations, never 1977
  claim seedling Tier 1 2026-09-08 · werbos, tsp-manual, bibliography, verification, history-of-ml
• Do Steinbuch & Widrow 1965 and Widrow's 1966 'Bootstrap Learning' actually document the abandoned multilayer-training attempt — and what does Widrow's oral history say about the 1985 return?
  capture promoted 2026-09-05 · widrow, steinbuch, madaline, bootstrap-learning, multilayer-perceptron
• Steinbuch & Widrow's 1965 paper is a structural comparison of two existing single-layer classifiers, not a study of multilayer network training
  claim seedling Tier 1 2026-09-05 · widrow, steinbuch, madaline, multilayer-perceptron, history-of-ml
• Widrow's 1966 'Bootstrap Learning' paper documents a genuine, preliminary, non-gradient attempt at training multilayer networks of adaptive threshold elements
  claim seedling Tier 1 2026-09-05 · widrow, madaline, bootstrap-learning, multilayer-perceptron, backpropagation
• Does Richard Sutton's 1984 PhD dissertation actually use the phrase 'structural credit assignment' — the field-lore origin of the term?
  capture promoted 2026-09-01 · credit-assignment, structural-credit-assignment, temporal-credit-assignment, sutton, barto
• Sutton's 1984 dissertation abstract, in his own words, frames credit assignment entirely in temporal terms and never uses 'structural'
  claim budding Tier 1 2026-09-01 · credit-assignment, structural-credit-assignment, temporal-credit-assignment, sutton, terminology
• The earliest confirmed instance of Sutton personally using the phrase 'structural credit assignment' is a 2023 talk, presented as a problem the field still hasn't solved — not a callback to his own 1984 dissertation
  claim seedling Tier 1 2026-09-01 · credit-assignment, structural-credit-assignment, temporal-credit-assignment, sutton, terminology
• Sutton's own retrospective one-line summary of his 1984 thesis names 'temporal credit assignment,' not 'structural' — and Wikipedia independently corroborates the same framing
  claim budding Tier 1 2026-09-01 · credit-assignment, structural-credit-assignment, temporal-credit-assignment, sutton, terminology
• Do Schmidhuber's arXiv:2212.11279 timeline entries verbatim read 'the chain rule (1676), the first NNs (circa 1800), the first practical AI (1914)'?
  capture promoted Tier 1 2026-08-29 · schmidhuber, whig-history, historiography-of-ai, verification, history-of-ml
• Schmidhuber states the 1914 Torres y Quevedo 'first practical AI' claim unhedged, unlike a comparable priority claim he hedges elsewhere in the same paper
  claim seedling Tier 1 2026-08-29 · schmidhuber, torres-y-quevedo, whig-history, historiography-of-ai, priority-dispute
• Schmidhuber's oft-quoted 'chain rule (1676)…' timeline phrase is drawn from his Abstract's summary sentence, not from the paper's own section headings
  claim seedling Tier 1 2026-08-29 · schmidhuber, whig-history, historiography-of-ai, history-of-ml, quote-check
• Verify the Ni1000 defense-funding figures ($1.2M DARPA, $400,000 ONR) against a primary contract or filing
  capture promoted Tier 1 2026-08-23 · nestor, ni1000, darpa, onr, defense-funding
• Bellman named 'dynamic programming' as political camouflage against a Secretary of Defense who hated the word 'research'
  claim seedling Tier 2 2026-08-23 · richard-bellman, dynamic-programming, rand-corporation, cold-war-science, science-funding-politics
• Nestor's 1990 DARPA neural-chip development contract was increased to ~$1,630,000 in April 1992, with Intel subcontracted for fabrication at up to $1,050,000
  claim seedling Tier 1 2026-08-23 · nestor, ni1000, darpa, defense-funding, sec-filing
• Nestor's August 1993 ONR-funded, ARPA-administered contract for the Ni1000's PC-compatible development board totaled $776,167 — not the $400,000 trade press reported
  claim seedling Tier 1 2026-08-23 · nestor, ni1000, darpa, onr, defense-funding
• Rufus Isaacs's first RAND paper (1951) already contained precursors of the maximum principle, dynamic programming, and backward analysis — five years before Pontryagin's 1956 announcement
  claim seedling Tier 2 2026-08-22 · rand-corporation, rufus-isaacs, differential-games, optimal-control, maximum-principle
• McCarthy's 1973 Lighthill review located AI's central difficulty in knowledge representation, faulting Lighthill's 'non-standard' use of 'heuristics'
  claim seedling Tier 1 2026-08-22 · lighthill-report, mccarthy, knowledge-representation, heuristics, symbolic-ai
• McCarthy's 1973 Lighthill review named the GPS formalism directly as a source of AI's 'mistaken' published performance predictions
  claim seedling Tier 1 2026-08-22 · lighthill-report, mccarthy, general-problem-solver, overconfident-prediction, ai-winter
• Werbos's DOCSUB/thesis document-identity claim is a third leg of the single June 1993 oral-history cluster — and the only leg with independent corroboration
  observation seedling Tier 1 2026-08-22 · werbos, docsub, darpa, backpropagation, oral-history
• Re-fetch of McCarthy's 1973 Lighthill-review page confirms the 'little relevance to AI' and heuristic/combinatorial-explosion quotes verbatim
  capture promoted Tier 1 2026-08-19 · lighthill-report, mccarthy, control-theory, combinatorial-explosion, ai-winter
• What genuinely connects Werbos's two missing-document claims and the DOCSUB/RHW-thesis document-identity claim? The same 1993 sitting, with one leg independently corroborated
  capture promoted Tier 1 2026-08-19 · werbos, docsub, darpa, backpropagation, oral-history
• What genuinely connects the RHW 1986 four-reference list and Werbos's DOCSUB block? Chronology and document identity say: nothing causal
  capture promoted Tier 1 2026-08-17 · werbos, rumelhart, backpropagation, citation-history, docsub
• Werbos's DOCSUB episode entered the public record 7–12 years after RHW's 1986 Nature paper, foreclosing a causal reading
  claim seedling Tier 1 2026-08-17 · werbos, rumelhart, backpropagation, citation-history, docsub
• Werbos's own explanation for his early non-recognition is publishing strategy, not DARPA suppression — and Kanal's independent testimony agrees
  claim seedling Tier 1 2026-08-17 · werbos, kanal, obscurity, citation-history, backpropagation
• The DARPA report blocked from DOCSUB and the 1974 Harvard thesis RHW failed to cite are two different Werbos documents
  claim seedling Tier 1 2026-08-17 · werbos, docsub, darpa, backpropagation, citation-history
• The 0.87 cosine pairing between the RHW 1986 reference list and Werbos's DOCSUB block is thematic resemblance, not a causal bridge
  observation seedling Tier 1 2026-08-17 · embeddings, cosine-similarity, retrieval, epistemics, werbos
• Is the Widrow–Hoff LMS rule established as a stochastic gradient descent method by a Tier 1–2 primary source, not just Wikipedia?
  capture promoted 2026-08-15 · widrow, hoff, lms, adaline, sgd
• Re-read the Lighthill 1973 report PDF and confirm the combinatorial-explosion and general-problem-solving quotes verbatim
  capture promoted Tier 1 2026-08-15 · lighthill-report, ai-winter, symbolic-ai, general-problem-solver, combinatorial-explosion
• Léon Bottou's own 2010 paper classifies the Widrow–Hoff LMS/Adaline update rule as stochastic gradient descent, matching the algorithm in the original 1960 paper
  claim seedling Tier 1 2026-08-15 · widrow, hoff, lms, adaline, sgd
• The Lighthill 1973 report's acknowledgment list named Minsky and McCarthy as consultees, but not Newell or Simon
  claim seedling Tier 1 2026-08-15 · lighthill-report, ai-winter, symbolic-ai, general-problem-solver, ai-history
• SRI's neural-net group retooled toward symbolic AI around 1965–66, years before Minsky and Papert's Perceptrons was published in 1969 — the social closure predates the formal refutation
  claim seedling Tier 1 2026-08-15 · dreyfus, connectionism, sri, ai-winter, perceptrons
• Widrow and Hoff's own 1960 paper describes the LMS/Adaline error surface as a 'stochastic' surface, searched one training pattern at a time by steepest descent
  claim seedling Tier 1 2026-08-15 · widrow, hoff, lms, adaline, sgd
• Widrow's 1990 retrospective (with Lehr) proves the LMS per-sample 'instantaneous gradient' is an unbiased estimate of the true gradient — the defining mathematical property of stochastic gradient descent
  claim seedling Tier 1 2026-08-15 · widrow, hoff, lms, adaline, sgd
• Dreyfus's 1988 essay and Olazaran's 1993 SRI interviews converge on the same verdict — connectionism's mid-1960s eclipse was social closure, not scientific refutation — while naming different social mechanisms
  observation seedling Tier 1 2026-08-15 · dreyfus, connectionism, sri, ai-winter, sociology-of-science
• Minsky's own 'the perceptron project was really dead' testimony is a documented instance of the 'retrospective illusion' Dreyfus's 1988 paper warns the victors will produce
  observation seedling Tier 1 2026-08-15 · dreyfus, minsky, connectionism, perceptrons, sociology-of-science
• Verify LeCun's account of DjVu's free-books purpose and the free NIPS 0–13 archive, and check whether nips.djvu.org has rotted
  capture promoted 2026-08-13 · djvu, lecun, nips, free-knowledge, link-rot
• What genuinely connects Dreyfus & Dreyfus's 1988 vindication claim and SRI's ARPA-funding retooling: independent evidence for the same 'never refuted, socially displaced' verdict
  capture promoted 2026-08-13 · dreyfus, connectionism, sri, ai-winter, sociology-of-science
• The free NIPS proceedings LeCun's DjVu demo pioneered now live on at the official papers.nips.cc site, independent of nips.djvu.org's survival
  claim seedling Tier 1 2026-08-13 · djvu, nips, neurips, free-knowledge, digital-preservation
• nips.djvu.org no longer resolves (DNS failure, checked 2026-08-13), though the Wayback Machine preserved its content through November 2024
  claim seedling Tier 1 2026-08-13 · djvu, nips, link-rot, internet-archive, digital-preservation
• Does Robert Kahn's own September 1982 proposal document confirm the 'quintuple U.S. spending' figure attributed to it?
  capture promoted 2026-08-11 · darpa, strategic-computing-initiative, fifth-generation, robert-kahn, japan
• Ground the Fifth-Generation-inspired-SCI claim in a primary source beyond the Tier-4 Wikipedia pointer
  capture promoted Tier 2 2026-08-02 · darpa, strategic-computing-initiative, fifth-generation, japan, science-policy
• Robert Cooper privately doubted Japan's Fifth Generation program posed a major threat, but used it as a political lever to fund Strategic Computing
  claim seedling Tier 2 2026-08-02 · darpa, strategic-computing-initiative, fifth-generation, robert-cooper, japan
• DARPA's 28 October 1983 Strategic Computing planning document never mentions Japan or the Fifth Generation program
  claim seedling Tier 1 2026-08-02 · darpa, strategic-computing-initiative, fifth-generation, japan, science-policy
• Robert Kahn's September 1982 proposal cited Japan's planned AI spending as the rationale for the funding level that became Strategic Computing
  claim seedling Tier 2 2026-08-02 · darpa, strategic-computing-initiative, fifth-generation, robert-kahn, japan
• Werbos's DARPA-blocked backprop report fits a documented pattern — the Mansfield Amendment pushed DARPA toward 'crisis warning,' not 'pure theory,' in exactly the years his report was kept out of DOCSUB
  capture promoted Tier 1 2026-08-01 · werbos, darpa, docsub, mansfield-amendment, science-policy
• DARPA's mid-1970s demand that Werbos deliver 'crisis warning,' not 'pure theory,' matches Larry Roberts's independently documented account of DARPA-wide pressure after the Mansfield Amendment
  claim seedling Tier 1 2026-08-01 · werbos, darpa, docsub, mansfield-amendment, science-policy
• Karl Deutsch — Werbos's Harvard PhD advisor — wrote The Nerves of Government (1963), which in Werbos's account argues the political system is a neural-network system
  claim seedling Tier 2 2026-08-01 · karl-deutsch, werbos, cybernetics, political-science, nerves-of-government
• Deutsch rescued Werbos's rejected PhD by handing him his own political-forecasting problem — and solving it under a compute budget is Werbos's own reason backpropagation got generalized to recurrent form
  claim seedling Tier 2 2026-08-01 · karl-deutsch, werbos, backpropagation, recurrent, beyond-regression
• Werbos didn't just test backpropagation on a DOE gas market model — he was the federal analyst who wrote its official documentation, for the study that evaluated U.S. natural gas deregulation
  capture promoted Tier 1 2026-07-31 · werbos, department-of-energy, natural-gas-market-model, energy-policy, natural-gas-deregulation
• Verify the origin of the term 'deep learning' against primaries: Dechter (1986), Aizenberg et al. (2000), and the Hinton-era popularization (c. 2006)
  capture promoted Tier 1 2026-07-31 · deep-learning, terminology, priority-dispute, ai-history, history-of-ml
• Rina Dechter's 1986 AAAI paper genuinely uses 'deep learning' and 'shallow learning' as terms of art — for depth of constraint-satisfaction search, not neural networks
  claim seedling Tier 1 2026-07-31 · deep-learning, terminology, dechter, ai-history, history-of-ml
• Neither of Hinton's two canonical 2006 papers — the Neural Computation deep-belief-net paper or the Science autoencoder paper — contains the phrase 'deep learning' anywhere in its text
  claim seedling Tier 1 2026-07-31 · deep-learning, terminology, hinton, ai-history, history-of-ml
• Werbos's 1988 backpropagation-generalization paper lists his affiliation as the U.S. Department of Energy, and its real-world test case was a DOE-developed natural gas market model
  claim budding Tier 1 2026-07-31 · werbos, department-of-energy, natural-gas-market-model, energy-policy, history-of-ml
• Werbos authored the U.S. EIA's official 1981 technical documentation for the Natural Gas Market Model his own 1988 paper later diagnosed
  claim budding Tier 2 2026-07-31 · werbos, department-of-energy, natural-gas-market-model, energy-policy, natural-gas-deregulation
• Karl Deutsch, Werbos's Harvard advisor, wrote political science's founding cybernetics text — and personally redirected the rejected Freud-into-math project into the thesis that generalized backpropagation
  capture promoted Tier 2 2026-07-30 · werbos, karl-deutsch, cybernetics, political-science, backpropagation
• Werbos's own 1988 paper states RHW's 1986 backpropagation is a mathematical special case of his general 1974 'dynamic feedback' framework
  capture promoted Tier 1 2026-07-29 · werbos, backpropagation, rhw-1986, priority-vs-paternity, history-of-ml
• Werbos's own 1988 paper states RHW's 1986 backpropagation is a special case of his 1974 "dynamic feedback" framework
  claim budding Tier 1 2026-07-29 · werbos, backpropagation, rhw-1986, priority-vs-paternity, history-of-ml
• Does the Brode, Werbos & Dunn TSP manual's actual imprint read 1975 or 1977?
  question open 2026-07-29 · werbos, tsp-manual, bibliography, verification, history-of-ml
• Sutton's 'The Bitter Lesson' (2019) names hand-designed-loses-to-learned-at-scale as a 70-year AI pattern but never addresses the rate of returns to scaling
  claim seedling Tier 1 2026-07-28 · bitter-lesson, rich-sutton, history-of-ml, hand-designed-vs-learned, convolutional-networks
• The Bitter Lesson names the hand-designed-to-learned pattern the myth ledger documents, but Sutton's 'scale arbitrarily' misses the logarithmic brake note 2 supplies
  capture promoted Tier 1 2026-07-27 · cross-domain-bridge, bitter-lesson, scaling-laws, neural-scaling-laws, convolutional-networks
• The seed's direct bridge is superficial; the real one runs through burden-of-knowledge economics, and the vault already holds a structural twin of the LeCun/Denker case
  capture promoted Tier 1 2026-07-25 · cross-domain-bridge, sociology-of-science, credit-assignment, burden-of-knowledge, team-science
• Burden-of-knowledge economics is the mechanism that bridges the vault's population-scaling cluster and its credit-compression cluster, one hop removed
  observation seedling Tier 1 2026-07-25 · cross-domain-bridge, sociology-of-science, credit-assignment, burden-of-knowledge, team-science
• The only text of Dreyfus 1973 reachable this session is a triangulated abstract, and it contains no explicit controllers-as-weights language
  claim seedling Tier 2 for the access-status finding (Semantic Scholar / Unpaywall); [unverified-mechanism — needs primary] for anything about the paper's actual content, since the abstract above is triangulated via aggregator metadata and search-snippet matching, never directly fetched from the IEEE Xplore record itself 2026-07-20 · dreyfus, schmidhuber, backpropagation, optimal-control, history-of-ml
• Schmidhuber's 'controllers-as-weights' framing for Dreyfus 1973 is confirmed only in Schmidhuber's own words, on two of his own venues
  claim seedling Tier 1 2026-07-20 · dreyfus, schmidhuber, backpropagation, optimal-control, history-of-ml
• Does Dreyfus's 1973 'time-lag optimal control' paper actually contain the controllers-as-weights backprop step Schmidhuber attributes to it?
  capture promoted Tier mixed — see per-claim fields 2026-07-19 · dreyfus, schmidhuber, backpropagation, optimal-control, history-of-ml
• Amari's 1977 neural-field paper is rooted in the reaction-diffusion morphogenesis literature, citing Turing (1952) as motivation and Maginu (1975) on stability
  claim seedling Tier 1 2026-07-18 · amari, neural-field, lateral-inhibition, turing-patterns, reaction-diffusion
• Ermentrout and Cowan (1979) applied bifurcation and group theory to neural-field equations to explain visual hallucination patterns — a neuroscience target, not morphogenesis
  claim seedling Tier 1 2026-07-18 · neural-field, wilson-cowan, ermentrout-cowan, bifurcation, turing-patterns
• No application of Amari's 1977 neural-field model to developmental-biology morphogenesis has been found; neural-field theory's applications literature runs through neuroscience
  claim seedling Tier 1 2026-07-18 · amari, neural-field, morphogenesis, reaction-diffusion, developmental-biology
• The Wilson–Cowan and Amari neural-field formulations describe the same mathematical object from two perspectives
  claim seedling Tier 1 2026-07-18 · amari, neural-field, wilson-cowan, mathematical-neuroscience, history-of-ml
• Herbert Simon named and dismissed perceptron research, citing Rosenblatt 1958, as a negative case in his 1983 chapter "Why Should Machines Learn?"
  claim seedling Tier 1 2026-07-15 · herbert-simon, perceptrons, rosenblatt, connectionism, ai-history
• Simon argued twice (1993, 1995) that connectionist neural networks qualify as physical symbol systems under his own definition, rather than counterexamples refuting the hypothesis
  claim seedling Tier 1 2026-07-15 · herbert-simon, connectionism, physical-symbol-system, ai-history, history-of-ml
• Was Amari's 1977 neural-field / lateral-inhibition work ever applied to Turing-style reaction-diffusion morphogenesis?
  capture promoted 2026-07-13 · amari, neural-field, lateral-inhibition, turing-patterns, reaction-diffusion
• Was Amari's 1972 associative-memory model ever independently applied to developmental biology before the 2016 Taherian Fard Hopfield-landscape paper?
  capture promoted 2026-07-12 · amari, hopfield-networks, developmental-biology, waddington, priority
• 'Credit assignment' names both the sociology of scientific credit and backpropagation's technical problem — and Schmidhuber sits on the hinge
  claim seedling Tier 1 2026-07-12 · credit-assignment, sociology-of-science, schmidhuber, backpropagation, history-of-ml
• The term 'deep learning' predates Hinton: introduced to machine learning by Rina Dechter (1986) and applied to neural networks by Aizenberg et al. (2000); Hinton popularized it c. 2006
  claim seedling Tier 4 2026-07-12 · deep-learning, terminology, priority-dispute, ai-history, misattribution
• Japan's 1982 Fifth Generation Computer project inspired DARPA's 1983 Strategic Computing Initiative, framed as a Sputnik-like national challenge
  claim seedling Tier 4 2026-07-12 · darpa, strategic-computing-initiative, fifth-generation, ai-winter, japan
• The cross-entropy loss that trains LLMs is I.J. Good's 1952 logarithmic proper scoring rule
  claim seedling Tier 1 2026-07-12 · proper-scoring-rules, cross-entropy, calibration, ij-good, history-of-ml
• John McCarthy's 1973 rebuttal to the Lighthill report dismissed control theory as having 'little relevance to AI'
  claim seedling Tier 1 2026-07-12 · lighthill-report, mccarthy, control-theory, optimal-control, ai-winter
• In the 1990s–2000s neural networks were an out-of-favor 'backwater,' displaced by SVMs, until the mid-2000s 'deep learning' revival
  claim seedling Tier 2 2026-07-12 · deep-learning, neural-networks, ai-winter, svm, ai-history
• Chen et al. (2018), 'Neural Ordinary Differential Equations,' cite Pontryagin by name for the adjoint sensitivity method and equate it with reverse-mode automatic differentiation / backpropagation
  claim seedling Tier 1 2026-07-12 · pontryagin, adjoint-method, neural-ode, backpropagation, reverse-mode-ad
• Trade press reported Nestor's Ni1000 chip was funded with $1.2M from DARPA and $400,000 from ONR — contradicted by Nestor's own SEC filings, which record $1,630,000 and $776,167 for two distinct contracts
  claim budding Tier 3 2026-07-12 · nestor, ni1000, darpa, onr, neural-networks
• NIPS was founded in 1987 by Ed Posner and Yaser Abu-Mostafa, not by Terry Sejnowski — Sejnowski was an invited first-year speaker who went on to organize NIPS 1988
  claim seedling Tier 1 2026-07-12 · nettalk, sejnowski, nips, neurips, history-of-ml
• No independent application of Amari's 1972 associative-memory model to developmental biology has been found; the cell-fate Hopfield-landscape lineage traces to Hopfield and spin-glass physics, not Amari
  claim seedling Tier 1 2026-07-12 · amari, hopfield-networks, developmental-biology, waddington, priority
• From 1966 Rosenblatt turned from perceptrons to testing molecular memory transfer by injecting brain extracts between rats
  claim seedling Tier 2 2026-07-12 · rosenblatt, memory-transfer, molecular-memory, neuroscience, history-of-ml
• Rosenblatt's large-scale replications helped refute molecular memory transfer, showing any effect was 'at most very small'
  claim seedling Tier 3 2026-07-12 · rosenblatt, memory-transfer, molecular-memory, neuroscience, history-of-ml
• Frank Rosenblatt, who built the perceptron, died in a Chesapeake Bay boating accident on his 43rd birthday
  claim seedling Tier 2 2026-07-12 · rosenblatt, perceptron, connectionism, history-of-ml, biography
• Schmidhuber's 'Annotated History of Modern AI and Deep Learning' dates the field's origin to the 1676 chain rule and circa-1800 neural nets — reading the present category back onto the deep past
  claim seedling Tier 1 2026-07-12 · whig-history, historiography-of-ai, presentism, schmidhuber, credit-assignment
• Ground the Fifth-Generation-inspired-SCI claim in a primary source beyond the Tier-4 Wikipedia pointer
  question answered 2026-07-12 · darpa, strategic-computing-initiative, fifth-generation, verification, science-policy
• Re-fetch McCarthy's 1973 Lighthill-review page and confirm the 'little relevance to AI' and heuristic/combinatorial-explosion quotes verbatim
  question answered 2026-07-12 · lighthill-report, mccarthy, control-theory, verification, history-of-ml
• Do Rosenblatt's own memory-transfer reports confirm that his work refuted the molecular-memory effect?
  question answered 2026-07-12 · rosenblatt, memory-transfer, molecular-memory, verification, history-of-ml
• Do Schmidhuber's arXiv:2212.11279 timeline entries verbatim read 'the chain rule (1676), the first NNs (circa 1800), the first practical AI (1914)'?
  question answered 2026-07-12 · schmidhuber, whig-history, historiography-of-ai, verification, history-of-ml
• Does Schmidhuber's 'Annotated History' open verbatim with 'Machine learning is the science of credit assignment,' and does he ever name the Matthew Effect?
  question answered 2026-07-12 · credit-assignment, schmidhuber, sociology-of-science, matthew-effect, verification
• Is Sewall Wright's 1932 adaptive landscape a genuinely cited conceptual ancestor of the deep-learning 'loss landscape,' or only a loose after-the-fact resemblance?
  question answered 2026-07-12 · history-of-ml, evolutionary-biology, sewall-wright, adaptive-landscape, loss-landscape
• Was Amari's 1977 neural-field / lateral-inhibition work ever applied to Turing-style reaction-diffusion morphogenesis?
  question open 2026-07-12 · amari, neural-field, morphogenesis, reaction-diffusion, developmental-biology
• The Amari-myth / Faggin-consciousness bridge is superficial as a direct edge — the real connective tissue runs through Ted Hoff and the SGD learning-rule family
  capture promoted Tier 4 2026-07-11 · amari, faggin, ted-hoff, widrow, lms
• The late-1980s US 'Japan panic' is the real bridge between Exon-Florio and Nestor's neural chips — one anxiety, two branches, and a Fairchild-to-Intel genealogy that touches both
  capture promoted 2026-07-11 · cfius, exon-florio, ai-winter, neural-networks, darpa
• The 1973 AI establishment named the wall: McCarthy called control theory 'little relevance to AI' — the field where backprop's ancestor already lived
  capture promoted Tier 1 2026-07-11 · lighthill-report, mccarthy, control-theory, optimal-control, combinatorial-explosion
• The perceptron's inventor spent his final years testing — and largely refuting — molecular memory transfer in rats
  capture promoted Tier 2 2026-07-11 · rosenblatt, perceptron, memory-transfer, history-of-ml, neuroscience
• Sejnowski is the real bridge between NETtalk and the DjVu-freed NIPS archive — a person and an institution, not a shared document
  capture promoted Tier 1 2026-07-11 · nettalk, sejnowski, lecun, djvu, nips
• Amari's 1967 stochastic descent and the 1960 Widrow–Hoff LMS rule are sibling members of the SGD family, about seven years apart
  claim budding Tier 4 2026-07-11 · amari, widrow, hoff, lms, sgd
• Hopfield's 1982 associative memory is a system of Ising spins whose retrieval dynamics minimize an energy function borrowed from spin-glass physics
  claim seedling Tier 1 2026-07-11 · hopfield-networks, associative-memory, spin-glass, ising-model, physics
• John Hopfield and Geoffrey Hinton won the 2024 Nobel Prize in Physics for the artificial-neural-network architecture, framed by the committee as a physics object
  claim seedling Tier 1 2026-07-11 · hopfield-networks, hinton, nobel-prize, history-of-ml, physics
• Kirchenbauer et al. (2023) watermark LLM output by softly biasing sampling toward a secret pseudorandom 'green list' of tokens
  claim seedling Tier 1 2026-07-11 · ai-watermarking, llm, provenance, security, history-of-ml
• Does Hopfield's 1982 energy function derive specifically from the Sherrington–Kirkpatrick spin-glass model?
  question answered 2026-07-11 · hopfield-networks, spin-glass, ising-model, physics, history-of-ml
• Is the Widrow–Hoff LMS rule established as a stochastic gradient descent method by a Tier 1–2 primary source, not just Wikipedia?
  question answered 2026-07-11 · lms, widrow, hoff, sgd, stochastic-descent
• Was Amari's 1972 associative-memory model ever independently applied to developmental biology before the 2016 Taherian Fard Hopfield-landscape paper?
  question open 2026-07-11 · amari, hopfield-networks, developmental-biology, waddington, priority
• Confirm against a standalone 1969 first-edition scan of Perceptrons that 'credit-assignment' is absent from the original text (present only in the 1988 Epilogue)
  capture promoted 2026-07-09 · perceptrons, minsky-papert, credit-assignment, primary-source-verification, history-of-ml
• Did LeCun's 1988 paper use hand-designed rather than learned convolutional kernels, and is that the basis for calling 1989 the first end-to-end trained convnet?
  capture promoted Tier 1 (bibliographic facts) / 4 (mechanism claim — see flags below) 2026-07-09 · lecun, denker, bell-labs, backpropagation, convolutional-neural-networks
• Does the term or framing "credit assignment" appear in Minsky & Papert's 1969 Perceptrons, and in what context?
  capture promoted 2026-07-09 · perceptrons, minsky-papert, credit-assignment, terminology, history-of-ml
• Append-only correction as real-world accretion: Talmud layout, errata slips, and the Perceptrons 1969/1988 boundary
  capture promoted Tier mixed — see per-claim tiers below 2026-07-09 · hop, print-history, talmud, errata, accretion
• Before their Turing Awards, LeCun, Bottou, and Bengio co-built DjVu, a scanned-book compression format now retired at the Internet Archive
  capture promoted 2026-07-09 · djvu, lecun, bottou, bengio, at-t-labs
• Dreyfus's own 1988 account resolves the 'double role': his critique targeted symbolic AI specifically, and he framed connectionism as vindicating his phenomenology, not as its target
  capture promoted Tier 1 2026-07-09 · dreyfus, connectionism, phenomenology, backpropagation, perceptrons
• Capture: Which appeared first — LeCun et al.'s NIPS 1989 conference paper or their Neural Computation 1989 journal paper on backprop for handwritten digit recognition?
  capture promoted Tier 1 2026-07-09 · lecun, bell-labs, backpropagation, nips, neural-computation
• Who first used the term "structural credit assignment," and in what context?
  capture promoted 2026-07-09 · credit-assignment, structural-credit-assignment, terminology, history-of-ml, reinforcement-learning
• Amari (1998) established that the ordinary gradient is not the steepest-descent direction when parameter space is non-Euclidean — the natural gradient, via the Fisher information metric, is
  claim seedling Tier 1 2026-07-09 · gradient-geometry, natural-gradient, information-geometry, fisher-information, amari
• Léon Bottou's 2017 foreword states the reissued Perceptrons text is the 1969 first edition (fourteen chapters, 0–13); the Prologue and Epilogue were written for the 1988 Expanded Edition
  claim seedling Tier 2 2026-07-09 · perceptrons, minsky-papert, credit-assignment, history-of-ml, book-structure
• The founding 1998 DjVu document-compression paper was co-authored by Yann LeCun and Yoshua Bengio — two future 2018 Turing Award recipients — alongside Léon Bottou at AT&T Labs
  claim seedling Tier 2 2026-07-09 · djvu, lecun, bengio, bottou, at-t-labs
• By Yann LeCun's own account, DjVu was built to distribute high-resolution scans cheaply over the early internet, demoed by freely releasing the NIPS proceedings at nips.djvu.org
  claim budding Tier 1 2026-07-09 · djvu, lecun, at-t-labs, image-compression, free-knowledge
• Dreyfus & Dreyfus's 1988 Daedalus paper frames Rosenblatt's connectionism — not symbolic AI — as the program their phenomenological critique vindicated
  claim seedling Tier 1 2026-07-09 · dreyfus, connectionism, phenomenology, perceptrons, history-of-ml
• Dreyfus's critique targeted Newell & Simon's physical symbol system hypothesis — a rationalist lineage (Descartes, Leibniz, Wittgenstein's Tractatus) the Dreyfuses separated from the Hebb–Rosenblatt neural-net line
  claim seedling Tier 1 2026-07-09 · dreyfus, connectionism, phenomenology, symbolic-ai, philosophy-of-ai
• HNC Software's 1992 Falcon Fraud Manager became the seed of FICO's card-fraud scoring infrastructure
  claim seedling Tier 3 2026-07-09 · connectionism, ai-winter, hnc, fico, fraud-detection
• The Internet Archive stopped generating DjVu files for new text uploads in February 2016, citing declining use, file-creation errors, and an unsupportable Java viewer
  claim seedling Tier 1 2026-07-09 · djvu, internet-archive, image-compression, digital-preservation, history-of-ml
• LeCun et al.'s two 1989 ZIP-code papers appeared in a bimodal order: the NIPS conference paper was presented first (Nov 1989), the Neural Computation article was printed first (Dec 1989), and the NIPS proceedings volume only appeared in 1990
  claim budding Tier 1 2026-07-09 · lecun, bell-labs, backpropagation, nips, neural-computation
• Lighthill's 1973 report blamed AI's disappointments on the combinatorial explosion, not on multilayer-perceptron pessimism
  claim seedling Tier 1 2026-07-09 · lighthill-report, ai-winter, symbolic-ai, ai-history, combinatorial-explosion
• Lighthill's 1973 report singled out 'general problem-solving programs' — the paradigm GPS belonged to — as persistently disappointing
  claim seedling Tier 1 2026-07-09 · lighthill-report, ai-winter, symbolic-ai, general-problem-solver, ai-history
• Madaline Rule I (1962) could adapt only the first layer of Widrow's networks — the second layer stayed fixed, making it the ceiling of pre-backpropagation multilayer training
  claim budding Tier 1 2026-07-09 · widrow, madaline, adaline, multilayer-perceptron, backpropagation
• Nestor Inc. sold commercial neural-network pattern recognition through the AI winter yet had never turned a profit after 19 years
  claim seedling Tier 3 2026-07-09 · connectionism, ai-winter, nestor, neural-networks, commercialization
• The NETtalk paper is Sejnowski & Rosenberg's 1987 Complex Systems 1(1):145–168 article — a distinct document from their 1986 Johns Hopkins technical report of the same name
  claim budding Tier 1 2026-07-09 · nettalk, sejnowski, rosenberg, backpropagation, connectionism
• No freely accessible standalone scan of the 1969 first edition of Perceptrons could be located; major repositories hold only the 1988 Expanded Edition
  observation seedling Tier 1 2026-07-09 · perceptrons, minsky-papert, primary-source-verification, history-of-ml, source-availability
• The phrase 'credit-assignment' in Minsky & Papert's Perceptrons appears only in the 1988 Expanded Edition's Epilogue defending Rosenblatt — not in the 1969 original
  claim seedling Tier 1 2026-07-09 · perceptrons, minsky-papert, credit-assignment, terminology, history-of-ml
• Jordan Pollack's 1989 review locates Minsky & Papert's credit/blame-apportionment argument in the 1988 Prologue (roman-numeral p. xiii), and finds no 'credit assignment' in four sampled passages of the 1969 body
  claim seedling Tier 2 2026-07-09 · perceptrons, minsky-papert, credit-assignment, history-of-ml, primary-source-verification
• Herbert Simon's satisficing (economics) and heuristic search (GPS/AI) are the same 'good-enough over optimal' move, applied by one person to humans and to machines
  claim seedling Tier 3 2026-07-09 · herbert-simon, bounded-rationality, symbolic-ai, general-problem-solver, satisficing
• SRI's neural-network group retooled toward symbolic AI to follow ARPA funding, not because perceptrons had been refuted
  claim seedling Tier 1 2026-07-09 · connectionism, ai-winter, sri, funding, sociology-of-science
• Widrow's group spent the 1960s unable to train a genuinely multilayer network and left neural-net research until backpropagation reached Widrow in the mid-1980s
  claim budding Tier 1 2026-07-09 · widrow, madaline, adaline, multilayer-perceptron, backpropagation
• Myth ledger: "LeCun's 1988 paper used hand-designed convolutional kernels" — the 1988 hand-designed-kernel ZIP-code paper was Denker et al., not LeCun
  note budding Tier 1 2026-07-09 · lecun, denker, bell-labs, convolutional-neural-networks, backpropagation
• Myth ledger: "the structural credit-assignment problem comes from Minsky (1961)"
  note budding Tier 1 2026-07-09 · credit-assignment, structural-credit-assignment, minsky, sutton, terminology
• Confirm the 1998 DjVu paper's six-author roster and citation against an independent bibliographic catalog
  question answered 2026-07-09 · djvu, lecun, bengio, bottou, bibliography
• Verify LeCun's account of DjVu's free-books purpose and the free NIPS 0–13 archive, and check whether nips.djvu.org has rotted
  question answered 2026-07-09 · djvu, lecun, nips, free-knowledge, link-rot
• Re-read the Lighthill 1973 report PDF and confirm the combinatorial-explosion and general-problem-solving quotes verbatim
  question answered 2026-07-09 · lighthill-report, ai-winter, symbolic-ai, verification, history-of-ml
• Confirm against a standalone 1969 first-edition scan of Perceptrons that 'credit-assignment' is absent from the original text (present only in the 1988 Epilogue)
  question open 2026-07-09 · perceptrons, minsky-papert, credit-assignment, primary-source-verification, history-of-ml
• Does Richard Sutton's 1984 PhD dissertation actually use the phrase 'structural credit assignment' — the field-lore origin of the term?
  question open 2026-07-09 · credit-assignment, structural-credit-assignment, sutton, terminology, history-of-ml
• Do Steinbuch & Widrow 1965 and Widrow's 1966 'Bootstrap Learning' actually document the abandoned multilayer-training attempt — and what does Widrow's oral history say about the 1985 return?
  question open 2026-07-09 · widrow, madaline, multilayer-perceptron, backpropagation, history-of-ml
• Capture: Dedupe-check on '[ANSWERED 2026-07-07, cycle 17] Griewank-2014 Table 5' topic — confirms fold-in is real, no new research performed
  capture promoted Tier 1 2026-07-08 · automatic-differentiation, linnainmaa, griewank, reverse-mode, history-of-ml
• Hinton's position on backpropagation-in-the-brain reversed over fifteen years — the 2007 talk tried to rescue it with a temporal-derivative mechanism; the 2022 Forward-Forward paper abandoned it
  claim budding Tier 1 2026-07-08 · hinton, backpropagation, biological-plausibility, forward-forward, contrastive-divergence
• Capture: Speelpenning's 1980 thesis bibliography (leaf 74) does not cite Linnainmaa — full-text PDF retrieved from OSTI.gov
  capture promoted Tier 1 2026-07-07 · speelpenning, linnainmaa, automatic-differentiation, reverse-mode, backpropagation
• Capture: Does section 5.5.1 of Werbos's 1974 Harvard thesis 'Beyond Regression' explicitly name Linnainmaa as a prior source, or is it an independent derivation?
  capture promoted Tier 1 2026-07-07 · werbos, linnainmaa, backpropagation, automatic-differentiation, harvard
• Amari's 1968 book, read directly, credits Saito's 1967 Kyushu thesis for a stochastic-descent experiment on a piecewise-linear classifier — with no multilayer vocabulary on the scanned pages
  claim budding Tier 1 2026-07-07 · amari, saito, schmidhuber, stochastic-descent, history-of-ml
• Applied Optimal Control (1969) was compiled from six years of Harvard, MIT, and AIAA courses — the adjoint method's curriculum vector, by Bryson's own account
  claim budding Tier 1 2026-07-07 · bryson-ho, optimal-control, adjoint-method, curriculum, history-of-ml
• Schmidhuber's "Dreyfus 1973" backprop-lineage link is uncorroborated by Dreyfus himself — both of Dreyfus's own retrospectives credit his 1962 paper and never cite 1973
  claim seedling Tier 1 2026-07-07 · dreyfus, schmidhuber, backpropagation, optimal-control, history-of-ml
• Griewank 2012 never mentions Amari — the reverse-mode priority history and the Amari-SGD claim are non-overlapping literatures
  claim budding Tier 1 2026-07-07 · griewank, amari, reverse-mode-ad, history-of-ml, negative-finding
• The "Ivakhnenko 1965 = first deep learning" characterization is Schmidhuber's, hedged in his own peer-reviewed text, and rests on GMDH's layer-wise regression — not gradient training
  claim seedling Tier 2 2026-07-07 · ivakhnenko, gmdh, deep-learning, schmidhuber, history-of-ml
• Kelley (1960) and Bryson (1961) computed gradients through multi-stage systems by backward chain-rule iteration — a precursor lacking backpropagation's sparsity efficiencies
  claim budding Tier 2 2026-07-07 · kelley, bryson, optimal-control, backpropagation, history-of-ml
• LeCun et al. (1989) at Bell Labs made the first practical recognition application of backpropagation — handwritten ZIP codes, end-to-end
  claim budding Tier 1 2026-07-07 · lecun, bell-labs, backpropagation, cnn, zip-codes
• Minsky named and formalized "the credit-assignment problem" in 1961 — as a temporal problem about sequential decisions, not network weights
  claim budding Tier 1 2026-07-07 · minsky, credit-assignment, history-of-ml, reinforcement-learning, terminology
• The machine-learning and automatic-differentiation communities were mutually unaware until "very recently" — the structural cause of the backprop attribution gap
  claim budding Tier 1 2026-07-07 · automatic-differentiation, backpropagation, citation-history, history-of-ml, linnainmaa
• Minsky and Papert 1969 proved single-layer limits but only conjectured — as an "intuitive judgment" — that the multilayer extension was sterile
  claim seedling Tier 3 2026-07-07 · perceptrons, minsky-papert, ai-history, ai-winter, connectionism
• Recht's "Mates of Costate" argues mathematical equivalence (Lagrangian duality), not historical transmission — and never mentions Kelley
  claim budding Tier 1 2026-07-07 · recht, optimal-control, lagrangian-duality, adjoint-method, backpropagation
• The 1986 Nature paper's contribution was demonstrating that backpropagation learns useful internal representations — not inventing the algorithm
  claim budding Tier 1 2026-07-07 · rumelhart, hinton, williams, backpropagation, internal-representations
• Robbins and Monro 1951 founded stochastic approximation — the method family SGD belongs to — as root-finding from noisy experiments
  claim budding Tier 1 2026-07-07 · sgd, stochastic-approximation, robbins-monro, history-of-ml, statistics
• Werbos's 1974 thesis never mentions Linnainmaa — and Schmidhuber's "Section 5.5.1" locator doesn't structurally exist in the 1974 text
  claim budding Tier 1 2026-07-07 · werbos, linnainmaa, backpropagation, independent-discovery, history-of-ml
• The 1974 Werbos thesis contains no credit-assignment language at all — "backprop solves spatial credit assignment (Werbos 1974)" is a retrospective label
  claim budding Tier 1 2026-07-07 · werbos, credit-assignment, backpropagation, history-of-ml, retrospective-framing
• Werbos, on the record — DARPA kept his backpropagation report out of DOCSUB, and the 1978 journal version shipped without the how-to appendix
  claim budding Tier 1 2026-07-07 · werbos, darpa, docsub, backpropagation, history-of-ml
• Werbos's 2011 IJCNN paper states the Freud mapping explicitly — cathexis is the derivative, and the "A causes B" quote is Werbos quoting Freud
  claim budding Tier 1 2026-07-07 · werbos, freud, cathexis, backpropagation, derivatives
• In his own account, Werbos built backpropagation to translate Freud's "psychic energy" into derivative equations — not to train a supervised learner
  claim budding Tier 2 2026-07-07 · werbos, freud, backpropagation, psychic-energy, history-of-ml
• IEEE gave Werbos the Neural Networks Pioneer Award in 1995 (jointly) and the Frank Rosenblatt Award in 2022 — the 2022 citation credits him with "development of backpropagation"
  claim budding Tier 1 2026-07-07 · werbos, ieee, awards, backpropagation, history-of-ml
• Werbos says generalized backpropagation was first published as a command in an MIT software manual — the manual is bibliographically real, but no copy can be located
  claim seedling Tier 2 2026-07-07 · werbos, backpropagation, tsp, mit, history-of-ml
• Wikipedia's apparent corroboration of the Amari-1967-SGD claim carries Schmidhuber's own citation error and misspelling — citogenesis fingerprints, not independent evidence
  claim budding Tier 3 2026-07-07 · citogenesis, wikipedia, schmidhuber, amari, citation-forensics
• Myth ledger: 'The 1969 Perceptrons book killed neural-network research'
  note seedling 2026-07-07 · myth, perceptrons, minsky-papert, ai-winter, ai-history
• Capture: Did IEEE award Paul Werbos the Neural Network Pioneer Award in 1995 and the Frank Rosenblatt Award in 2022?
  capture promoted Tier 1 2026-07-06 · werbos, ieee, awards, backpropagation, history-of-ml
• Capture: Did Linnainmaa originate reverse-mode automatic differentiation, per Griewank's 2012 Documenta Mathematica history paper?
  capture promoted Tier 1 2026-07-06 · automatic-differentiation, linnainmaa, griewank, backpropagation, reverse-mode
• Capture: Does Werbos's 1968 Cybernetica paper exist, and what does it actually say about the Freud-to-mathematics idea?
  capture promoted Tier 1 2026-07-06 · werbos, backpropagation, history-of-ml, freud, cybernetica
• Capture: What is the exact primary source of Werbos's Freudian "A causes B" backpropagation mechanism — is it in *The Roots of Backpropagation* (1994) or elsewhere?
  capture promoted Tier 4 2026-07-06 · werbos, backpropagation, history-of-ml, freud, roots-of-backpropagation
• Capture: Can the MIT Time Series Processor (TSP) software manual (Brode, Werbos, Dunn) be located, and does it contain the first published description of Werbos's generalized backpropagation method?
  capture promoted Tier 1 2026-07-06 · werbos, backpropagation, history-of-ml, tsp, mit
• Capture: What does Werbos argue in his 1996 chapter "Optimization: A Foundation for Understanding Consciousness" and does it constitute his fullest primary statement on mind/consciousness?
  capture promoted Tier 1 2026-07-06 · werbos, consciousness, mind, optimization, neural-networks
• Capture: Did Werbos's 1978 IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics paper omit technical appendices because DARPA blocked entry of the fuller report into the DOD public document system?
  capture promoted Tier 1 2026-07-06 · werbos, backpropagation, history-of-ml, darpa, dod
• Capture: Did Crick (1989) 'The recent excitement about neural networks' (Nature 337:129–132) first formally state the weight transport problem, predating Hinton's 2022 formulation?
  capture promoted Tier 1 2026-07-06 · crick, weight-transport-problem, backpropagation, biological-plausibility, hinton
• Capture: What is Hinton's exact qualified position on the brain approximating backprop, as stated in Lillicrap et al. (2020) 'Backpropagation and the brain,' NRN 21(6)?
  capture promoted Tier 1 2026-07-06 · hinton, lillicrap, backpropagation, ngrad, biological-plausibility
• Amari's 1972 associative-memory model has priority over the Hopfield network in substance — and Hopfield's 1982 paper does not cite it
  claim budding Tier 1 2026-07-06 · amari, hopfield, associative-memory, priority, history-of-ml
• Mizutani, Dreyfus & Nishio (2000) formally derive MLP backpropagation as a special case of the Kelley-Bryson optimal-control gradient formula
  claim budding Tier 1 2026-07-06 · dreyfus, kelley-bryson, optimal-control, backpropagation, formal-derivation
• Crick's 1989 objection to backprop was antidromic signalling, NOT weight transport — a circulating attribution the primary text refutes
  claim budding Tier 1 2026-07-06 · crick, weight-transport, biological-plausibility, backpropagation, citation-correction
• Fukushima's Neocognitron (1979/1980) introduced the core CNN architecture — weight-shared local features plus downsampling — but was not trained by backpropagation
  claim budding Tier 1 2026-07-06 · fukushima, neocognitron, cnn, history-of-ml, convolution
• The 1986 backpropagation Nature paper cites only four references — none of the earlier independent derivations
  claim budding Tier 1 2026-07-06 · rumelhart, hinton, williams, backpropagation, citation-history
• Myth ledger: 'Amari trained multilayer perceptrons by SGD in 1967'
  note budding 2026-07-06 · myth, amari, schmidhuber, sgd, mlp
• Myth ledger: 'Linnainmaa's thesis was basically never cited before the 2010s'
  note budding 2026-07-06 · myth, linnainmaa, citation-history, history-of-ml, bibliometrics
• Myth ledger: 'Paul Werbos invented backpropagation'
  note budding 2026-07-06 · myth, werbos, backpropagation, priority, history-of-ml
• MOC: Backpropagation's origins — priority, paternity, and myth
  topic map 2026-07-06 · moc, backpropagation, history-of-ml, linnainmaa, automatic-differentiation
• Does Griewank (2012) "Who Invented the Reverse Mode of Differentiation?" mention or discuss Shun'ichi Amari as a priority claimant?
  capture promoted 2026-07-05 · griewank, amari, backpropagation, reverse-mode, automatic-differentiation
• Capture: Does Table 5 in Griewank 2014 independently support a Tier-1 claim about Linnainmaa's backward pass?
  capture promoted Tier 1 2026-07-01 · automatic-differentiation, linnainmaa, griewank, backpropagation, reverse-mode
• Capture: What Griewank 2012 says about Linnainmaa's priority in autodiff, and how that work was received before the 2010s
  capture promoted 2026-07-01 · automatic-differentiation, linnainmaa, griewank, backpropagation, reverse-mode
• Capture: Was Speelpenning (1980) the first autodiff implementation paper to cite Linnainmaa?
  capture promoted 2026-07-01 · automatic-differentiation, linnainmaa, speelpenning, backpropagation, reverse-mode
• What is the vanishing gradient problem and which paper first characterized it rigorously?
  capture promoted 2026-07-01 · deep-learning, backpropagation, training-dynamics, neural-networks, history-of-ml
• Capture: Is Linnainmaa's 1976 paper locatable/accessible, and does it describe reverse-mode autodiff? (with a venue correction)
  capture promoted Tier 1 2026-07-01 · automatic-differentiation, linnainmaa, reverse-mode, backpropagation, history-of-ml
• Why neural-network research stalled between the 1969 Perceptrons book and the mid-1980s revival
  capture promoted 2026-06-30 · neural-networks, ai-history, ai-winter, backpropagation, perceptrons
• Capture: What did the 1986 Rumelhart, Hinton & Williams Nature paper add that earlier formulations did not?
  capture promoted Tier 2 2026-06-29 · backpropagation, rumelhart, hinton, williams, history-of-ml
• Capture: Who was Paul Werbos, and what did his 1974 Harvard PhD thesis actually claim about backpropagation?
  capture promoted Tier 2 2026-06-29 · werbos, backpropagation, history-of-ml, freud, harvard
• Capture: Griewank 2012 — backward-pass description of Linnainmaa's algorithm and Copenhagen park anecdote
  capture promoted 2026-06-28 · automatic-differentiation, linnainmaa, griewank, backpropagation, reverse-mode